Yajnavalkya Smrti: Acaradhyaya with English Translation of Commentary Mitaksara

Contents Book first—achara adhyaya Chapter I Introduction 1 Vijiânevara’s salutation 1 Vijlânevara’s foreword 2 Visvarupa’s Commentary referred to 2 The question of the sages 3 The six kinds of Pharma 3 The territorial jurisdiction 5 The fourteen sources of Dharma 5 The eighteen Purânas 6 The two Bhagavat Puras 6 The Upapurâias The authority of the Per ias 8 The list of Smitis 9 The efficient cause of Dharrna 10 The Janapaka cause of Dharrna 10 The Four-fold evidence of Dharma (verse 7) 12 The Conflict of Laws 13 The self-realisation, the highest Dharma (verse 8) 15 The Legal assembly or Parisad 15 Chapter II The Sacraments and Studentship 16 The Four Castes (verse 10) 18 The T’wiee-born (verse 10) 18 The Sacraments :— 18 (a) Garbhfldhâua 19 (b) PtnisaVaua 20 (c) Simantonnayana 20 (d) Jâta Karma 20 (e) Nflma Karma 20 (f) Nikramau 20 (g) Annapraanz 20 (h) Chudâkarana 20 Paiziess delivery ceremony 22 Rules for pregnant women 22 Rules for their husbands 23 Birh rite 23 Adoption 24 Sasthi Puja 28 Naming Ceremony 31 The Secret Name 37 The Naksatras and Names Table 38 The Niskraman 39 Iupavesana 39 Annaprasana 40 Boring of the Bar 40 The birthday anniversary 40 Chudakarana or the tonsure 42 The sikha 43 Apastamba on pumsavana simantyonnayana 44 The first learning of the Alphabet 46 The utility of the Sacraments 53 The time of Upanayana 54 The duties of Gurus 55 The study of the OtyatrI 56 The rules of Personal purification 57 A chamana and its method 62 Auspicious stars for initiation 63 Sandhya 64 Marjanamantras 64 Suryaarghya 64 Arghya mantras 65 Tilaka 67 Prntyáma 68 The .Japa of Gtyatri 68 Th Mantrachaman 89 The Gayatri woth its bvyahritis and siras 71 The various meanings of the Gayatri 73 The home ceremony mantras 73 Avidance... 74 The worship of the Guru 74 Methods of study •.. 78 The qualifications of the student 78 The dress of the student, the staff and the sacred thread 74 The forms of begging 78 The method of eating 79 Things prohibited to a Brahmachfiri 80 The definitions of the Guru, Achrya, Upadhyaya, Ritvij 81 The period of studentship 83 Vrâtya defined ... 84 The Twice-born defined 85 The Reward of Vedic study 85 The fruit of Paflcha Mahfyajna 87 Chapter Iii. On Marriage 90 The final bath and the teacher’s fee 91 The selection of a bride and External marks 91 Internal marks •.. 92 A window not-to be married 93 Sapitda and non-sapind 94 The definition of Sapinda not too wide 98 The question of step mother and her father’s relations 98 Marriageabie age of girls 101 The gotra and the pravaras 104 The Sapiidahood in marriage 109 Sapindahood of anuloma births 110 Bhinna gotra Sapidas 118 A rule of Eugenics ... 117 Inter-marriage allowed ... 120 The rule about inter-marriage 121 The eight forms of marriage 123 The special forms in various kinds of mixed marriages 128 Persons entitled to give away a girl in marriage 129 The penalty for breach of promise of marriage 131 The penalty for concealing the faults of the bride, etc. 133 AnanyaptIrvâ defined 134 The Niyoga ceremony 184 The adulteress and her treatment 136 Women always pure ... 187 A rule of purification 138 The duties of a wife ... 143 In praise of EâstrIya marriage 149 The Season 151 Astrological Seasons and how to get a male child 152 Other times of conjugal intercourse 153 Vidhi defined 156 Niyama defined 156 Purisañkya defined 156 Women to be honored 168 The duties of Women 164 The duties of a wife whose husband is away 184 General duties of all Women 165 Duties of a widow 168 The Sati or Self-imno1ation 167 Dharma, its definition 170 Bhêvana, its definition 170 The duties of a wife 170 The duties of a husband having many wives 177 The duties of a widower 178 Re-marriage of widows 182 Chapter Iv. On the distinctions of Castes (Varna) and classes (subkstes) 184 Anuloma 189 Pratiloma 192 Pratilomas and their livelihood 196 Miscellaneous mixed castes 200 A summary 213 .Anulomas 218 Pratilomas 213 Other mixed castes 218 Kpyasthas 214 The rise and fall in castes 218 Chapter V. On the duties of a houaeholder 222 The beggar 228 Beef-offering to the honored guest 229 Annual feast on beef 230 Should give feast but not hanker after other’s feast 231 The honoring of guests while they depart 232 The Evening prayer 232 The Morning duties 233 The rule of road 234 The duties of Katriyas and Vaiyas 235 The livelihood of Ksatriyas and Vahyas 235 The livelihood of the Sfidras 236 The universal duties of the Twice-born of all men 237 The trauta or Vodle rites—the Etmyn Karmas 238 The Nityn or obligatory rautn Karinas 238 The niggardliness in feast-giving 239 The religious house-holder takes no thought of to-morrow 239 Chapter Vi. On the Vratas to be observed by a Snfitaka BrRhmana 242 He may take a gift from a King, &c 243 His other duties 249 The rules of study commencing 250 The time of vacation in study 251 The study holidays ... 255 The vows of Snátaka... 260 Persons whose food should not be calen 284 Chapter Vii. LawIul and Unlawful food 271 Lawful food for the twice-born 272 General law of food 276 Chapter Viii—On the purification of things 276 The purl Ileation of utensils 277 Sacrificial Vessels 278 Stained Vessels 279 Clothes 279 Land 283 Food smelt by the cow, &c 284 Tin, lead, &e 287 Water, flesh, &e 288 Fire, &c 292 Chapter Ix. On Gifts 292 The proper recipients of gifts 292 Brthmaua recipient 293 Giving of cows, &e., to Brtbmanns 294 An unfit person should not accept gifts 295 A special rule of gift 295 Cow gift 295 Tha fruit of cow gift 296 The fruit of the gift of the. cow and her calf 296 The fruit of ordinary cow-gift 297 The equivalents of cow-gift 297 The fruit of granting land 297 giving house, &c. 298 The gift of education is the highest 299 Getting the fruit of gift without giving 300 Some gifts must always be accepted 300 What must be accepted 301 An exception 301 Chapter X. On Sraddhas 802 The times of Sraddhas 303 The Brhmanas to be invited in the Srtddhas 305 The Brahmnnas to be avoided 307 The Pârvana Jraddha 310 The Visvedeva graddha 318 The Pitriya graddha 315 The giving of the Aksayya Water 326 Dismissal of Brâhmanas 828 The Viddhi qraddha 331 The Ekoddista qrsddha 833 Sapindi Karana 335 of the mother 344 The deceased mother and the Pârvana Sraddha 346 The Uda-Kumhha Sraddha 347 A doubt 348 The times of Ekoddista ... 350 The place of throwing the Pindas 358 The difforent kinds of food offered at Sraddha, 358 and their defrent reward to the giver Specific fruit or offering Srfiddha on a apecific asterism 363 CHAPTER XI. On the worship of Ganapati 366 CHAPTER XII. On the propitiation of the planets 381 The graha Yajfla 381 The names of the nine planets 381 The color and ingredients of pujt of planets 382 The dhyfina of the planets 383 Method of Worship 384 The Vedic mautras for Samidha Homa, etc. 385 The Samidh fuel 387 The number of Samiclhs 387 The Dak5iqa of each planet 388 The Worship of malefic planets 389 Special rules for the Kings 890 CHAPTER XIII. The duties of a King 392 The mental equipment of a King 393 The external equipment of a Sovereign 396 The qualifications of a royal purohita 397 The qualifications of Ritvijs 398 The special fruit of gift to Brahmas 398 The method of acquiring wealth 399 The deed of gift 400 Materials and contents of the documents 401 The residence of the King 403 The royal officials 404 Gift of conquests of war 405 Heaven is the reward of dying in battle Giving quarters to those who surrender 407 Inspection of treasury and accounts 407 Sending the cash to treasury 408 The three kinds of spies 408 Rest and review of the army 409 Evening prayer, hearing report of th&spies, &c 409 Going to bed and rising therefrom with morning duties 410 The rule for illness 410 The morning duties of the King 411 The treatment of various kinds of people 411 The fruit of good Government 411 Protection from cheats, etc. 412 The fruit of not protecting subjects 412 The King to keep himself informed of the doings of his of0cil 413 The fruit of illegal taxation 414 Conquering and the treatment of conquered subjects 415 Preserving the manners and customs of the conquered 415 Concealing the trade secrets 416 The neighbouring sovereigns 416 The four modes of obtaining success 416 The six gunas or six military measures 419 The time of marching 420 Destiny and effort 421 Alliance better than War 421 The Saptâñga of Kingdom 423 The rod and the evil-doers 423 The fit and unfit wielders of the rod 424 The fruits of proper and improper punishments 425 Evils of unrighteous punishments 425 Law is no respecter of persons 425 The fruit of punishing the punishable 426 The King to try cases 427 The disciplinary power of thn King 428 The two kinds of punishments—Corporal and pecuniry 429 The table of weights and measurements 429 Silver weights and coins 432 Copper coins 432 The Scale of punishment 437 Various kinds of punishment 438 The regulation of punishment 439